-Talk with your child often about the reasons to avoid drugs and alcohol-the facts, risks, and long-term effects they can have on their life.

-Get to know their friends and the friends' parents/guardians-Be involved as much as possible!

-Discuss with your child "a plan of action" of how to contact you or a designated adult if they find themselves in a situation where drugs or alcohol are present.

-Encourage open dialogue with you child about their thoughts, concerns, and/or experiences.

-Make sure children who are unattended for periods during the day or evening "feel your presence." Give them a schedule and set clear limits on their behavior.

-Talk to them about peer pressure. The following suggestions are from www.howtolearn.com:

• They have the right to say, “no”

• They can be assertive and firm without being angry

• They can use a strong voice, stand up tall, and look their peers in the eye.

• It is important to tell people how they feel

• It is always an option to walk away

• Adults have peer pressure, too. Give them examples that you have faced.